What is the difference between BLS and ACLS Surveys? GPT-4

….ACLS is advanced BLS approach; the latter does not include drugs and equipments except for Defibrillator and Pocket Mask, not even EPINEPHRINE use; BLS is just basic to ensure oxygenated blood delivery by uninterrupted chest compressions and regular breaths!

….WHAT is the difference between BLS Survey and ACLS Survey?

GPT-4 response below 👇

….WHAT is BLS (Basic Life Support) Survey?

It is a systematic approach used to assess and manage a patient in a medical emergency, particularly in cases of cardiac arrest. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

1. **Check Responsiveness:**
– Tap the patient and shout, “Are you okay?”
– Look for signs of life or consciousness.

2. **Activate Emergency Response System and Get an AED:**
– If the patient is unresponsive, immediately call for help.
– Have someone call 911 or the local emergency number and get an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) if available.

3. **Circulation (Chest Compressions):**
– Check for a pulse (carotid artery for adults; brachial artery for infants).
– If no pulse is detected, start high-quality chest compressions.
– Place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest, place the other hand on top, interlock fingers.
– Press down hard and fast at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute and a depth of at least 2 inches (adults).
– Allow full recoil between compressions.

4. **Airway:**
– Open the airway using the head-tilt-chin-lift method.
– If a spinal injury is suspected, use the jaw-thrust maneuver.

5. **Breathing:**
– Look, listen, and feel for normal breathing.
– If breathing is absent or abnormal, provide rescue breaths.
– Pinch the nose, give 2 breaths, watching for the chest to rise.
– Each breath should take about 1 second.

6. **Defibrillation:**
– As soon as the AED arrives, turn it on and follow the prompts.
– Attach the AED pads to the patient’s bare chest as instructed.
– Allow the AED to analyze the heart rhythm.
– Deliver a shock if advised by the AED.
– Continue CPR starting with chest compressions immediately after the shock.

**Key Points:**
– Perform cycles of 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths.
– Continue CPR until advanced medical personnel take over or the patient shows signs of life.
– Minimize interruptions in chest compressions.

The BLS Survey ensures proper initial evaluation and intervention, which are crucial for increasing survival rates in cardiac emergencies.

….Welcome and Thanks ☺️ 🙏

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….What is ACLS (Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support) Survey?

It is designed for healthcare professionals to manage patients in cardiac and respiratory arrest or other cardiovascular emergencies. It follows the systematic “ABCD” approach:

1. **A – Airway:**
– **Assess:** Ensure the airway is open and clear.
– **Action:**
– Use the head-tilt-chin-lift method if no spinal injury is suspected.
– Use the jaw-thrust method if a spinal injury is suspected.
– Insert an advanced airway (such as an endotracheal tube or LMA) if needed.

2. **B – Breathing:**
– **Assess:** Check for adequate breathing.
– Look for chest rise and fall.
– Listen for breath sounds.
– Feel for airflow.
– **Action:**
– Provide supplemental oxygen if hypoxemia is present (using bag-valve-mask or advanced airway).
– Ensure effective ventilation.
– Monitor oxygen saturation levels with a pulse oximeter.

3. **C – Circulation:**
– **Assess:**
– Check for a central pulse (such as the carotid in adults, brachial in infants).
– Monitor blood pressure, cardiac monitor/EKG, capillary refill, and skin color/temperature.
– **Action:**
– If no pulse, begin high-quality CPR immediately.
– Use an AED or defibrillator to restore a normal heart rhythm if necessary.
– Administer medications as per ACLS protocols (e.g., epinephrine, amiodarone).
– Establish IV/IO access for drug delivery.
– Treat reversible causes (H’s and T’s: Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen ion (acidosis), Hypo-/hyperkalemia, Hypothermia, Toxins, Tamponade (cardiac), Tension pneumothorax, Thrombosis (coronary and pulmonary)).

4. **D – Differential Diagnosis / Definitive Care:**
– **Assess:**
– Look for underlying causes of the emergency through history and physical exam.
– Monitor vital signs and patient’s response to interventions.
– **Action:**
– Implement definitive treatment based on identified causes.
– Continue to monitor and support the patient (e.g., medications, advanced airway management, ongoing CPR).
– Prepare for advanced interventions or transfer to a higher level of care if necessary.

**Key Points:**
– Perform rapid and continuous assessment using the ABCD method.
– Prioritize high-quality CPR and early defibrillation.
– Closely monitor the patient’s condition and response to interventions.
– Understand and treat reversible causes (the “H’s and T’s”).

The ACLS Survey emphasizes not only immediate life-saving measures but also the identification and treatment of underlying causes to improve the chances of patient survival and recovery.

Reel:
BLS & ACLS Surveys: https://www.facebook.com/share/p/Ez7TY6ZszRJRUq3a/?mibextid=WC7FNe

….Welcome 🙏 and Thanks ☺️ 🙏